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Myopia in children and adults

Blurred distance vision but clear near vision: this is myopia. Very common, it often begins in childhood and may increase until adulthood. With proper monitoring and correction, a normal life is possible.

Understanding myopia

The myopic eye is too long relative to its optical power: images form in front of the retina. Elongation occurs during growth, explaining frequent progression between ages 6 and 16.

Vision corrections

  • Glasses and contact lenses, with specific designs to slow progression in children in some cases.
  • Refractive surgery for adults whose myopia is stable (see refractive surgery and the phakic ICL implant).

Slowing myopia in children

The best-documented preventive measure is spending time outdoors. Other approaches (low-dose atropine, red light, special spectacle lenses) are being studied, with varying levels of evidence and safety: see our article Childhood myopia: red light, atropine, screens.

Retinal monitoring

High myopia increases the risk of complications in adulthood (retinal detachment, glaucoma, maculopathy). Regular retinal examinations are advised, and any flashes of light or black curtain require an urgent consultation (see retinal detachment).

Frequently asked questions

Do screens cause myopia?

The role of screens is debated; lack of daylight and prolonged near work play a role. Limiting screen time and spending more time outdoors remains reasonable advice.

Does myopia stop progressing?

In most people, it stabilises towards the end of growth, but some cases of myopia continue to progress for longer.

At what age should surgery be performed?

Once the prescription has stabilised, in an adult, after a full corneal assessment.

Learn more

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In the event of sudden loss of vision or pain, see eye emergencies.

A question about your situation?

Your ophthalmologist answers your questions during the consultation. For a sudden symptom or sudden loss of vision, seek advice promptly: see the eye emergencies page.

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